What is the purpose of the "Miranda warning"?

The purpose of the "Miranda warning" is to inform suspects of their rights, which is essential to ensure they are aware of their constitutional protections before being interrogated by law enforcement. This warning stems from the landmark Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona, which held that suspects must be made aware of their rights to remain silent and to have an attorney present during questioning. The acknowledgment of these rights is critical in safeguarding individuals from self-incrimination and ensuring that they can make informed decisions during the legal process.

Understanding this right and its implications helps protect against coercion and ensures that any statements made during interrogation are done voluntarily. The other options, while important in the context of the legal system, do not accurately capture the specific purpose of the Miranda warning. It's not intended to guarantee a fair trial, outline penalties for offenses, or establish police authority, but specifically aims to safeguard an individual's rights at the moment of arrest and interrogation.