What is involved in "plea bargaining" within the legal system?

Plea bargaining involves negotiations between the defendant and the prosecution, where the defendant agrees to plead guilty to a charge in exchange for a potentially reduced sentence or a lesser charge. This process is significant in the legal system as it can help expedite cases, relieve the burden on the court system, and provide a degree of certainty for both parties regarding the outcome of a case.

By agreeing to a plea deal, the defendant may avoid the uncertainty and risks associated with a trial, where they could face a harsher penalty if found guilty of a more serious charge. This mutual agreement allows the prosecution to secure a conviction without having to go through a lengthy trial, which can save time and resources for the court.

In contrast, options that refer to a trial by jury or a hearing to review previous crimes do not capture the essence of plea bargaining. These processes focus on adjudicating cases through trial rather than negotiating plea agreements. Similarly, the idea of negotiating for a greater penalty misrepresents the concept, as plea bargaining typically aims to achieve a more favorable outcome for the defendant.